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Explain the Central Limit Theorem, and the difference between correlation and causation (with Simpson's paradox).

Core statistics screening that catches people who run tests without understanding why they work. The signal is what the CLT actually licenses, and a correlation-vs-causation answer that uses Simpson's paradox to expose a confounder.

Updated Aug 2026 · Grounded in real Applied AI Engineer interview loops and written to a senior-engineer editorial bar.

Core statistics screening that catches people who run tests without understanding why they work. The signal is what the CLT actually licenses, and a correlation-vs-causation answer that uses Simpson's paradox to expose a confounder.

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